1. Human Osteology: Axial and Appendicular Bones.
Axial Skelton and Thorax.
Appendicular Skeleton.
Exercise: Identifying Bones of Axial Skeleton and Thorax.
Exercise: Identifying Bones of the Upper Limbs.
Exercise: Identifying Bones of the Lower Limbs.
2. Human Osteology: Cranial Skeleton and Odontology.
Cranial Skeleton.
Human Dentition.
Exercise: Identifying Bones, Landmarks, and Sutures of the Skull.
Exercise: Identifying Teeth.
3. Establishing the Forensic Context.
Bone vs. Non-bone.
Human versus Non-Human.
Contemporary versus Non-Contemporary.
Exercise: Bone vs. Non-Bone
Exercise: Human versus Non-Human Bones.
Exercise: Contemporary versus Non-Contemporary Bones.
4. Recovery Scene Methods.
Locating Remains.
Mapping Remains.
Grave Excavation.
Collecting Remains.
Exercise: Basics of Mapping and Grids.
Exercise: Locate, Map, and Collect Skeleton.
Exercise: Excavate Buried Skeleton.
5. Estimating Time Since Death.
Stages of Decomposition.
Animal Scavenging.
Deterioration of Clothing and Other Materials.
Exercise: Estimate PMI from Decomposition.
Exercise: Estimate PMI from Animal Scavenging.
Exercise: Estimate PMI from Deterioration of Materials.
6. Initial Treatment and Examination.
Sorting Commingle Remains.
Re-assembly of Bones into Skeleton.
Inventorying Remains.
Exercise: Sort Commingled Remains.
Exercise: Layout Remains in Anatomical Position.
Exercise: Inventory Skeleton (Bones Only).
Exercise: Inventory Skeleton (Bones and Side).
Exercise: Inventory Skeleton (Full Skeleton).
7. Attribution of Ancestry.
Anthroposcopic Traits of the Skull.
Craniometry.
Postcranial Anthroposcopy and Osteometry.
Exercise: Ancestry of Skull (Non-metric).
Exercise: Ancestry of Skull (Metric).
Exercise: Ancestry of Postcranium (Non-metric and Metric).
8. Attribution of Sex.
Sexing the Pelvis.
Sexing the Skull.
Sexing the Postcranium
Exercise: Pelvis Anthroposcopy.
Exercise: Pelvis Metrics.
Exercise: Skull Anthroposcopy.
Exercise: Skull Metrics.
Exercise: Postcranial Metrics.
9. Estimation of Age at Death.
Subadults.
Adults.
Exercise: Age at Death of Subadults.
Exercise: Age at Death of Adults: Pubic Symphyses.
Exercise: Age at Death of Adults: Auricular Surface.
Exercise: Age at Death of Adults: Sternal Rib Ends.
Exercise: Age at Death of Adults: Suture Closure.
10. Calculation of Stature.
Stature from Long Limb Bones.
Stature from the Full Skeleton.
Stature from Partial Long Limb Bones.
Adjustments to Stature.
Exercise: Stature from Long Limb Bones.
Exercise: Stature from the Full Skeleton.
Exercise: Stature from Partial Bones.
11. Death, Trauma, and the Skeleton.
Basics of Bone Trauma.
Forces Causing Trauma.
Types of Trauma.
Timing of Bone Injury.
Exercise: Trauma Analysis.
12. Projectile Trauma.
Basic Effects of Bullets on Bone.
Exercise: Analysis of Projectile Wounds.
13. Blunt Trauma.
Blunt Trauma to the Skull.
Blunt Trauma to the Postcranium.
Exercise: Blunt Trauma to the Skull.
Exercise: Blunt Trauma to the Postcranium (Infractions).
Exercise: Blunt Trauma to the Postcranium (Fractures).
14. Sharp Trauma and Strangulation.
Sharp Trauma.
Strangulation.
Exercise: Analysis of Sharp Trauma.
Exercise: Analysis of Hyoid.
15. Antemortem Skeletal Conditions.
Pathological Conditions.
Skeletal Anomalies.
Occupational Stress Markers.
Exercise: Pathological Conditions.
Exercise: Skeletal Anomalies.
Exercise: Occupational Stress Markers.
16. Postmortem Changes to Bone.
Analysis of Saw Marks.
Analysis of Other Postmortem Damage.
Exercise: Analysis of Saw Marks.
Exercise: Analysis of Other Postmortem Damate.
17. Additional Aspects of Individualization.
Facial Reproduction.
Assessing Handedness.
Estimating Body Weight.
Exercise: Reproduce Face on Skull.
Exercise: Assess Handedness.
Exercise: Calculate Body Weight.
18. Identification Using Antemortem Records.
Radiological Comparison of Skeletal Tissues.
Frontal Sinus Morphology.
Comparison of Dental Records.
Exercise: Radiolocial Comparisons.
Exercise: Frontal Sinus Morphology.
Exercise: Dental Identification Form.
19. Conclusion.
Ethical Responsibilities.
Aspects of Final Report.
Aspects of Expert Testimony.
Evaluation of Expert Testimony
Exercise: Final Report.
Exercise: Mock Courtroom.
